Toshio Shiratori was born in 1887. He graduated from the Economy Department of Tokyo University.
He was the alternate consul at Shenyang Consulate in 1914, and was later appointed third secretary of the Japanese Embassy to the United States and officer of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Japan.
In 1930, he served as director of the Information Bureau. In 1933, he was appointed envoy to Sweden and ambassador to Italy in 1938.
Toshio Shiratori became an adviser to the foreign minister in 1940. In this position, he allegedly helped to establish an alliance among Germany, Italy and Japan.
He was elected as a member of the House of Representatives in 1942.
At the end of the war, Toshio Shiratori was arrested and brought before the International Military Tribunal for the Far East.