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| |  | | Abdul Zahir | | | context : | Afghanistan  | | judgement place : | United States | | status : | Indicted | | particulars : | Charged with conspiracy, aiding the enemy and attacking civilians | | position : | Translator and money man for al Qaeda |
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| | | | The military commission proceedings at Guantánamo are the first such war crimes trials conducted by the United States since World War II.
Of the 500 or so captives brought to Guantánamo from Afghanistan since 2002, only a small fraction is facing a military commission.
Human rights activists and military defence lawyers have criticized the commission rules, saying they favour prosecutors, allow evidence obtained through torture and hearsay and permit only limited independent judicial review. Critics also note that the Pentagon has never said it would actually free a defendant if he were acquitted.
Furthermore, the detainees are said to be charged with conducts that were not previously crimes or not previously recognized as war crimes.
The Supreme Court has heard on March 28, 2006, a challenge to George W. Bush's power to create military commissions to put Guantanamo prisoners on trial for war crimes (cf. the profile of Salim Ahmed Hamdan in "related cases"). On June 29, 2006, the Supreme Court ruled that the US President exceeded his authority in establishing the military commissions at Guantánamo Bay. The Court also ruled that the commissions violated U.S. military law and the Geneva Conventions.
A controversial new bill was passed by the US Senate and the House of Representatives in late September 2006.
The Military Commissions Act, which is heavily criticised by human rights organisations
- allows terror suspects to be tried by military tribunals rather than civilian courts
- gives defendants a legal right to see evidence and a (limited) right to counsel
- forbids "serious" breaches of the Geneva Conventions, such as torture, in the course of interrogation procedures
- gives the president the authority to "interpret the meaning and application of the Geneva Conventions"
- allows for hearsay evidence in trials of terror suspects.
Furthermore, the new legislation will prohibit any person from invoking the Geneva Conventions or their protocols as a source of rights in any action in any US court.
The new bill will enter into force following signature by the President. | |    | |  |  | | also known as : | | | Abdul Bari | | | last time seen : | | | Guantanamo | | | charges : | | | Other
War crimes | | | profile last modified : | | | 18.03.2008 |
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