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| |  | | Fatmir Limaj | | | contexte : | Ex Yougoslavie  | | lieu du procès : | TPIY (Yougoslavie) | | statut : | Acquitté | | description du statut : | Le 30 novembre 2005, acquitté de tous les chefs d'accusation; investigations en cours en Serbie pour crimes de guerre | | fonction : | Commandant dans la Ushtria Çlirimtare e Kosovës (UCK) |
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| | | | Le procès de Fatmir Limaj, Isak Musliu et Haradin Bala est le premier mené par le TPIY contre des personnes appartenant à l'UCK (armée de libération du Kosovo ou ALK). Le jugement du 30 novembre 2005 est le premier du TPIY concernant la situation au Kosovo.
Dans le jugement, la Chambre de première instance à préciser quelques points de droit humanitaire international:
- le seuil du conflit:
“The test for determining the existence of an armed conflict was set out in the Tadic Jurisdiction Decision and has been applied consistently by the Tribunal since:
'An armed conflict exists whenever there is a resort to armed force between States or protracted armed violence between governmental authorities and organized armed groups or between such groups within a State.'
Under this test, in establishing the existence of an armed conflict of an internal character the Chamber must assess two criteria: (i) the intensity of the conflict and (ii) the organisation of the parties.” (Limaj et al., Chambre de première instance, 30 novembre 2005, §84)
- évaluation de l'intensité du conflit:
“[I]n assessing the intensity of a conflict, other Chambers have considered factors such as the seriousness of attacks and whether there has been an increase in armed clashes, the spread of clashes over territory and over a period of time, any increase in the number of government forces and mobilisation and the distribution of weapons among both parties to the conflict, as well as whether the conflict has attracted the attention of the United Nations Security Council, and, whether any resolutions on the matter have been passed.” (Limaj et al., Chambre de première instance, 30 novembre 2005, §90)
- crimes contre l'humanité:
“To qualify as crimes against humanity the acts of an accused must be part of a widespread or systematic attack ‘directed against any civilian population.’” (Limaj et al., Chambre de première instance, 30 novembre 2005, §181)
- la torture peut également être mentale:
“[T]here [is no] requirement that the act or omission . . . caused a physical injury, as mental harm is a prevalent form of inflicting torture.” (Limaj et al., Chambre de première instance, 30 novembre 2005, §236) | |    | |  |  | | nationalité : | | | Albania | | | date de naissance : | | | 04.02.1971 | | | pseudonymes : | | | Çeliku | | | période des faits : | | | 05.1998 - 08.1998 | | | période du procès : | | | 15.11.2004 | | | catégories de crime : | | | Crimes contre l'humanité
Crimes de guerre | | | dernière modification du profil : | | | 11.11.2009 |
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